Group+9+-+2

=**__Wiki 9-2__**  = // Group Members: Mena, Arielle, Emily, Sarah //

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 Jonathan Swift's //A Modest Proposal//
//2. Explain how Swift characterizes the poor people of Ireland utilizing SPECIFIC examples from the proposal. (Look specifically for a pattern of images beginning in paragraph).//

Swift characterizes the poor people of Ireland as a burden to society and to themselves. He says that they fill the streets as beggars because they cannot provide for themselves. He goes on further to state that many of these beggars are mothers who are prevented from acheiving successful lives because of their burdensome children. Swift paints the picture of the streets been strewn with the poor and their children; they pour out of the doorways in a never-ending stream of helplessness. In his sarcasm, he barely even gives them human qualities, which is mocking the condescending views of the upperclass.

Specific Quotes: "It is a melancholy object to those who walk through this great town or travel in the country, when they see the streets, the roads, and cabin doors, crowded with beggars of the female sex, followed by three, four, or six children, all in rags and importuning every passenger for an alms.

"These mothers...are forced to employ all their time in strolling to beg sustenance for their helpless infants, who, as they grow up, either turn thieves for want of work, or leave their dear native county to fight for the Pretender in Spain, or sell themselves to the Barbadoes." // This picture provides a good illustration of the conditions described by Swift. It is supposed to represent the dilapidated conditions of the housing and the poor in Ireland. One can see the overcrowding and collapsing of the homes, almost as if they can not bear the weight their residents have placed upon them. //

こんにちは私は、赤ちゃんは、中華



A Modest Proposal:
//Creating Gender Equality // Walk through any public building: a hospital, a restaurant, even a grocery store, and evidence of gender stereotyping is everywhere! There's the female nurse, the male bag boy, and the female secretary. Gender inequality is prevalent in other ways as well. Why are the girls stuffed into volleyball spandex, when the men get nice, breathable cotton? Women are shoved into painful, wire cages, while men only wear a t-shirt. Men get to enjoy their part in the reproduction process, while poor females are forced into labor pains. The injustices of being a female are everywhere, and there's only one solution to the problem!

UNISEX.
====It's time for the division of men and women to become a mere memory; a thing of the past. Not only will it eliminate inequality in the workplace and at home, but it will end the discomforts experienced by the separate sexes. The transition starts now. Current mothers will get an injection to change the sex of their unborn child. The genetically altered fetuses will be called "SAM" (Sexually Apathetic Mutants). If there is failure to comply with the new SAM laws, federal action will be taken against the parents. These SAM children will experience the best of both sexes-- the strength of a man, the grace of a female, and the combined brains of both. Reproduction will be no problem. An elite fleet of storks have been trained and are prepared with babies (SAM children, of course). Not only are these storks reliable, but they'll be ready anytime a baby is needed.====

====But why stop there? One of the main issues with gender discrimination are the hippest clothing and beauty trends that females feel the need to subscribe to. The media is constantly degrading women by playing to their vanity. They pressure women into being the perfect size, the perfect hair style, and wearing the perfect clothing. If females don't subscribe to these fads, they are deemed outcasts, but if they do, they become known as mindless robots! What is a poor girl to do?! Well, there is a simple solution of course. Uniforms. Every SAM will be required to wear a solid grey jumpsuit and have shaved heads. This will solve all problems! No person will ever be judged on how they look again. Some may say that this would erase any individuality, but that argument is simply a result of the propaganda created by this sexist media. True individuality does not come through clothes or hairstyles; true individuality can only be found through a person's personality.The unisex generation is now. Are ready?====

Alexander Pope's __The Rape of the Lock__
//2. Pope adheres to the conventions of an epic. Which conventions does he use? How does he use of these conventions to a satiric end? Provide specific examples from the text//

In his mock epic, Pope employs many epic conventions, and applies them satirically to his society in __The Rape of the Lock__. Unlike a classic epic, his mock epic takes place in a particular time and place, it speaks of "ordinary" people, and the structure of his story is determined by the actions of his character within certain moral patterns. Some of the epic conventions he employs are an invocation to a muse, the division of the poem into cantos, an account of a long and perilous journey, the arming of a hero, and a journey to the underworld. instead of invoking one of the 9 muses of Greek mythology like most epics do, Pope invokes his muse, John Carryll, the man to which the poem is dedicated to. In a typical epic, the poet would invoke one of the muses and ask for her blessings, but Pope satirycally invokes a 'common man' asking for his blessings. Also, like many epics, the poem is divided into Cantos, but unlike most other epics, The Rape of the Lock is relatively short, only 5 cantos long. As for the account of a long, perilous voyage, usually a SAR voyage, Pope uses Belinda traveling up the Thames River to exemplify this convention. This is obviously used to asatiric end, and Pope tries to show how seemingly quotidian and mundane things are taken so seriously in his society at the time. In Canto 1, lines 121-149, Pope describes the "arming of a hero", Belinda being the hero. "Puffs, powders, patches, Bibles, billet doux. Now awe inspiring Beauty puts on all its arms." (ln 139). Also, Pope describes the descent of a character into the underworld, in this case the descent of Umbriel into the Cave of Spleen in Canto 4. Umbriel, a name suggestive of shade and darkness, travels "down to the central earth, his proper scene, Repaired to search the gloomy Cave of Spleen." (ln 15-16).

Slang Dictionary //2008 Edition//:
Ex. "Yo, dat play was ballin, yo."
 * Ballin’** (adj): a term expressing the awesomeness of a situation or event; pertaining to one’s ability to perform. (//First used during a basketball game, when an amazing play was made. An uneducated member of the team couldn't think of an adjective to describe the play. The only thing around him was a basketball, so he said "Yo, dat play was **ballin**, yo.")//

Ex. "He's so chill"
 * Chill** (adj,verb): calm; collected; not heated or excited easily; care-free. (//Back when the inuits dominated the earth, one of the inuits started to break free and wear pair of animal hide shorts. The other inuits noticed he was extremely cold, but he was the most laid back and fun of them all. "Chill" was the perfect word they could think of to describe both his laid back style and his temperature.)//

Ex. "Holla at me!"
 * Holla** (verb): to call out with great expression or excitement. //(Derived from the word "hollar")//

Ex. "That kid has mad underwater basket weaving skills."
 * Mad** (adj): describing exceptional skill; a large quantity; awesome. //(Jealousy is often a product of the observation of another person's skill. This jealosy was one day interpreted as anger [or the state of being **mad**])//

Ex. "Her hair is ridic!"
 * Ridic** (adj): expressing the absurdity and/or stupidity of a situation; out of the norm. (//Derived from the word “ridiculous”)//

Ex. "Sweet portage, friends."
 * Sweet** (adj): expression of contentment and extreme satisfaction; a satisfaction with a specific outcome; very good, excellent. //(One day an American girl was on a date with a Mexican dreamboat. When he kissed her, he said "mmm... dulce." She said, "What does 'dulce' mean, Juan?" He replied with "It means sweet." She then went on to use the word "sweet" to describe any satisfying situation.)//

Ex. "Yo you be trippin!"
 * Trippin’** (adj): describing one who thinks highly of himself; out of focus. //(First used in NYC when a drunk gangster tripped down the stairs. A passerby observed him in his madness and said "Yo you be trippin!")//

Ex. "That play was wicked cool."
 * Wicked** (adj): describing the severity of greatness of a situation or person. //(First used on Opposite Day, 1990.)//

Ex. "He bought her tampons? He is //so// whipped." Ex. "Woof."
 * Whipped** (adj): pertaining to a man or woman who will do anything to keep the affections of their significant other, often resembling a sick puppy. //(Term used first when two slaves were in love, and the man jumped in front his love who was about to be whipped. He took the whipping for her.)//
 * Woof** (adj): a multifunctional expression; meaning “dang”, “he’s so hot!”, “I can’t believe this!”, “wow, that was so inappropriate”, “I have so much homework,” etc. (//Made famous in Home Alone, when Kevin picked up a photo of his brother's girlfriend and remarked "Buzz, your girlfriend. WOOF!")//


 ==== <span style="COLOR: #1095f9; FONT-FAMILY: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace"><span style="COLOR: #005eff; FONT-FAMILY: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><span style="COLOR: #1a0e0e; FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">**Article 1 //On the Immortality of the Human Soul No. 111//**    ==== <span style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><span style="COLOR: #1a0e0e; FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"> This article starts out contemplating the nature of the human soul. Addison realizes that the soul is created by a Supreme Being, but he wonders why God would make an imperfect soul. He notes that even if a man lives to be ten thousand years old, his soul will still be just as imperfect as it was when he was young. He goes on to note the purpose of life, which seems only to be to repopulate. There is no time for anything else. Addison begins seemingly critical of such a short, imperfect life, but then goes on to note the goodness behind it. Addison says, “There is not, in my opinion, a more pleasing and triumphant consideration in religion than this, of the perpetual progress which the soul makes towards the perfection of its nature, without ever arriving at a period in it.” He then goes on to say that it’s a great joy to think of eternity spent improving the soul, every day being spent becoming more like God. “And can there be a thought more transporting, as to consider ourselves in these perpetual approaches to him, who is not only the standard of perfection but of happiness?”

Addison displays the ideals of the Age of Reason through this article in a few ways. First of all, he views the spirit from a more **intellectual** standpoint, while others would look at it with more emotion. Addison presents only the facts at first, as well as his basic opinion about those facts. Addison also views religion from a more **formal** standpoint. He does not express much emotion on the subject, and when he does, it is not very extravagant. **Institutional authority** is exemplified in this piece as well. This is shown through basic concept that Addison believed in a higher Being that he will one day have to answer to. Although the ideas expressed by Addison this article are sometimes mentioned in the Christian church today, the ideas and thoughts he expressed are not mentioned much at all anymore. The only time a person may stumble across such thoughts nowadays would be when they are off by themselves, with a significant amount of time to dwell on eternity.

<span style="DISPLAY: block; FONT-FAMILY: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; TEXT-ALIGN: left">**<span style="COLOR: #ff0088; FONT-FAMILY: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace">The Tatler ** <span style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace">**<span style="COLOR: #ff0088; FONT-FAMILY: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace">On Female Vanity. No. 151 ** <span style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace"> <span style="FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma, Geneva, sans-serif"> Steele unleashes the embarrassment of the true workings of the vain and materialistic feminine mind in his article concerning female vanity in society. He begins by commenting on the tendency of women to cover themselves with the charms of diamonds, fabrics, pearls, and expensive jewels and dresses. Steele admits that the adornments that women use to impress and outshine their female competition interfere with the natural beauty of the “fair” creatures he admires so tenderly. He reveals the secrets of the male opinion that “if ladies will take my word for it, (and, as they dress to please men, they ought to consult our fancy rather than their own in this particular,) I can assure them there is nothing touches our imagination so much as a beautiful woman in a plain dress.” He remarks that “every beautiful person shines out in all the excellence with which nature has adorned her.” He continues in saying that “there might be more agreeable ornaments found in our own manufacture, than any that rise out of the looms of Persia.” Although this statement warms the hearts of Steele’s fair creatures, women hardly take these words into account. He makes the perfect assessment of the female mind in correctly assuming that “when a woman comes to her glass, she does not employ her time in making herself look more advantageously what she really is, but endeavors to be as much another creature as she possibly can.” For ages women have spent countless hours trying to appear as their beautiful companions, creating a vicious circle of women trying to imitate one another, and eventually creating the same image. Even today you can see a group of girls with the same hair color and cut, clothing style and make up choices. The female mind naturally urges women to envy others without seeing the true beauty they possess. Women are never truly satisfied with their appearance unless they are confident they are as beautiful as they feel other women are. Just as Steele mentioned, we try to be as much another creature as we possibly can if we know that other creature can get the attention and reputation that we want to have ourselves. By imitating them through jewels, hair, make-up, personas, and other expensive adornments, we come closer to the self-satisfaction of being “beautiful.” Steele’s comments on female vanity are presented in a witty manner that is clearly the expression of the common man’s desires. He is very clever in hiding his attack on women and their materialism with buttery phrases that he knows will make women just melt when reading. Because of the large female percentage of readers Steele uses his way with words to impact women’s sense of vanity by allowing them to see that their tricks are no secret. Steele as well as other men joke in saying that women “dress for men,” as women love to put it, when in reality they dress to compete //for// men. He correctly labels it in saying, “What jewel can the charming Cleora place in her ears, that can please her beholders so much as her eyes? The cluster of diamonds upon the breast can add no beauty to the fair chest of ivory which supports it. It may indeed tempt a man to steal a woman, to never to love her.” If only he could have persuaded women to understand and comply with this statement. I believe that no matter how hard women try they could never truly dress or appear to be their natural, beautiful selves and prevent the opinions of other women from influencing their decisions and their fashion choices. Steele uses another theme common in literature of the Age of Reason in using popular culture and society. The impact of popular culture on women is exactly the reason they are vain to begin with. Without society to judge and stare, women would feel no desire to show off. Steele uses society’s pressure to explain the reasoning of his sly judgments that he so cleverly and slightly satirically masks with compliments. He succumbs to society’s cruel eye, which is never pleased, but always ready to judge and criticize. “I do not speak this out of any aversion that I have to the sex: on the contrary, I have always had tenderness for them; but I must confess it troubles me very much, to see the generality of them place their affections on improper objects, and give up all the pleasure of life for gewgaws and trifles.” “Gewgaws and trifles” will always be a ridiculous obsession of women whether men tell them to forget about them or not. Women spend hours in front of the mirror, shopping for clothing, and gossiping with other girls about what other girls wore that day. That facet of society will remain the same, always to be commented upon as brilliantly as Steele was able to.